Process of translation and adaptation of instruments

這居然有中文網頁，不過當然是簡體版。

量表中文化之翻譯與反翻譯translation & back-translation的過程。

• Forward translation：強調概念，非直譯。以一般民眾可接受的語言；千萬別請教專家，別用術語與俗話。
• Expert panel Back-translation：(1)專家小組。找一個召集，組成小組(須包含原翻譯的人員)，針對有疑義之處，進行澄清。(2)由一位母語為英語的翻譯人士，進行反翻譯，一樣是概念性翻譯與文化對等，非直譯。
• Pre-testing and cognitive interviewing：預測。找尋目標族群，進行問卷理解。
• Final version

我的天啊，一定要麼麻煩嗎?

我在想，若自病人自評，是有需要這麼麻煩；但，若是工作人員評分，不能直接就用原文版嗎。像是PSP。如果，我們不是用PSP中文版，而是用PSP原文版，這樣發表文章到底算甚麼。


Back-translation of social cognition measures 
To develop a Japanese version of the SCSQ, professionals specializing in mental health translated the original SCSQ from English to Japanese. Afterward, a person isolated from the first group of translators performed a back-translation. Modifications of some terms were made to fit local culture. We performed the same procedure for the Hinting Task and the AIHQ. All back-translations were supervised and approved by one of the persons who developed the tests.

Kanie, Ayako, et al. "New instrument for measuring multiple domains of social cognition: Construct validity of the Social Cognition Screening Questionnaire (Japanese version)." Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences 68.9 (2014): 701-711.